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伊秉绶

伊秉绶(1754-1815),字祖似,号墨卿,晚号默庵,清代书法家,福建汀州府宁化县人,故人又称“伊汀州”。乾隆四十四年举人,乾隆五十四年进士,历任刑部主事,后擢员外郎。嘉庆四年任惠州知府,因与其直属长官、两广总督吉庆发生争执,被谪戍军台,昭雪后又升为扬州知府,1802年(嘉庆七年),伊秉绶54岁时,因父病死,去官奉棺回乡,扬州数万市民洒泪送别。62岁病逝后,扬州人为仰慕其遗德,在当地“三贤祠”(祀欧阳修、苏轼、王士祯三人之祠)中并祀伊秉绶,改称“四贤祠”。在任期间,以“廉吏善政”著称。伊秉绶喜绘画、治印,亦有诗集传世。工书,尤精篆隶,精秀古媚。其书超绝古格,使清季书法,放一异彩。隶书尤放纵飘逸,自成高古博大气象,与邓石如并称大家。

  • 中文名伊秉绶
  • 性别
  • 民族
  • 祖籍福建汀州府宁化县
  • 出生日期1754
  • 逝世日期1815
  • 职业清代书法家
  • 所属年代清代
  • 祖似
  • 墨卿,晚号默庵
相关作品更多
人物生平

1754年(清乾隆十九年)正月十一日,伊秉绶生于宁化城关一个书香门弟,官宦人家。其父伊朝栋,乾隆三十四年进士,历官刑部主事、御史、光禄寺卿。史称伊秉绶“通程朱理学,幼秉庭训,从师阴承方,讲求立心行己之学。”后受大学士朱珪的赏识与纪晓岚的器重,拜纪为师,又拜当时最负盛名的书法家刘墉为师学书法。著有《留春草堂集》。传世书迹甚富。《隶书五言联》,书于嘉庆二十年(1815),纸本墨迹。隶书。凡上下联正文10字,款16字,共26字。纵178厘米,横33.3厘米。首都博物馆藏。
伊秉绶15岁那年(乾隆三十四年),其父伊朝栋考中进士,历官刑部郎中、光禄寺卿,精研程朱之学,著有《南窗丛记》、《赐研斋集》等书传世。伊秉绶从小聪颖好学,秉承家学渊源,饱读宋儒理学。16岁进宁化县学,26岁中乡试。后又受业于名儒阴承方,攻宋儒理学,并且潜心研习李榕村、蔡梁山及雷翠庭等名儒理论。30岁那年(乾隆四十九年)赴京赶考,举中正榜,便留居北京,为大学士朱珪、纪晓岚所赏识与器重,时常出入太子傅朱珪的府弟,有一度还住在纪晓岚家中,给他孙子上课;又拜当时最负盛名的书法家刘墉为师学书法。
1789年(乾隆五十四年)会试,伊秉绶参加会试,进士及第,授刑部额外主事,补浙江司员外郎,开始了亨通的仕途。伊秉绶从政,清正廉洁。
乾隆五十七年,晋升为刑部主事,1798年(嘉庆三年)升刑部员外郎奉命出任湖南乡试副主考官。
嘉庆四年升任刑部郎中。未几,伊秉绶出任广东惠州知府。在惠州期间兴利除弊,勤政爱民,并致力于地方文化建设,奖掖后学,创办书院,重用人才,其提携岭南才子宋湘的故事,便成了一段佳话。那时他在重修苏东坡故居时,意外地从墨池里发现苏氏珍爱的“德有邻堂”端砚。后来伊秉绶
把此砚带回汀州宁化老家,并把书斋命名“赐砚斋”。有人说,这块苏东坡用过的端砚给伊秉绶带来了无尽的灵气,他用这块端砚磨墨书写的字特别漂亮。此砚珍藏于宁化县博物馆,为国家二级文物。
1805年(嘉庆十年)前后,扬州连年水灾,两江总督铁保荐举伊秉绶,前往南河、高邮、宝应勘察灾情。不久,伊秉绶奉命出任扬州知府。他亲自率领下属参加各地抢险赈灾,深入民间,“饥咽脱粟饭,渴饮浊流水”,与百姓同甘共苦;一边设置粥厂,安置灾民,一边动员富商损资赈灾,很快稳定了灾区局势,还采取了一些灵活措施,使灾民尽快重建家园恢复生产。并且亲自查阅赈帐册,核发赈灾钱粮,严禁胥役克减,博得灾民的称赞。下河灾民3万多人逃荒到府城,伊秉绶劝富商巨室捐输六万余金,在寺庙立棚厂,依据灾民人口赋米赈钱;又在每个村镇设办粥厂,救济贫困的灾民。有些灾民想杀耕牛为食。伊秉绶按牛估值当质以贷,招雇专人牧养,准许灾民来年春季取赎,以保证春耕生产。为了社会稳定,伊秉绶派兵剿灭北湖巨盗铁库子辈,打击“杖诡道”行骗的聂道和,使那些奸猾扰民的流氓地痞都受到了严厉的惩治。所以,《清史稿》称:大灾中的扬州“民虽饥困,安堵无惶惑。”第二年,扬州风调雨顺,百废皆兴,民众无不称颂伊秉绶。
嘉庆十一年,伊秉绶为了促进扬州地方文化的发展,特招聘焦循、阮元等著名学者编《扬州图经》及《扬州文粹》。
1807年(嘉庆十二年),伊秉绶调任河库道,不久又调两淮盐运史。任职刚满两个月,其父病故,便回汀州宁化奔丧。在老家料理了父亲的后事,伊秉绶丁忧三年,也许是感觉到仕途疲惫,又在宁化呆了五年。期间,他给父老乡亲留下了不少手迹,也做了不少好事。有一年,宁化城墙坍塌,他出千金维修。又一年,家乡遭遇饥荒,他不仅捐粮救灾,还利用自己的身份游说商家平价粜米。并捐义粮二百石,赈济灾民;他还倡修广济、龙门二桥,筹措钱银万两。归居家乡期间,于嘉庆十六年秋,他重访惠州。惠州百姓听说伊秉绶来访争相迎接。伊秉绶走访丰湖书院时,见到书院内设有奉供自己的祀祠,便令撤去。
1815年(嘉庆二十年)夏,经友人一再敦促,伊秉绶离开了宁化,启程入京,途经扬州,旧时好友留他小住,客居至9月。扬州的9月天气已渐转凉。他不慎染上秋寒,猝得肺炎,一病不起,于9月11日在扬州病逝。后归葬宁化曹坊石牛驿(今上曹村)。
扬州百姓得知前任知府病逝后,把他供奉在三贤祠里,和扬州历史三位名贤太守欧阳修、苏东坡、王士祯并祀。几十年前,汀州宁化人黄慎在这块土地上以诗书画赢得声名,几十年后,又一个汀州宁化人伊秉绶以他的勤勉和德政,在这里获得赞誉。
伊秉绶治理扬州虽然有德惠政声,为清一代名吏,但他从不以功自居。他把自己的居所从商富集居的“休园”,搬到名其为“湖上草堂”的平民所居的旧城“黄氏园”。他在生活上也清廉耿介,杜绝声色,“每食必具蔬”,“藉以清吾心耳”。常说:“人生也,直即天地之性,无少回邪,行则正。”因伊秉绶为官清廉,勤政爱民,深得扬州百姓爱戴。《芜城怀旧录》称赞他说:“扬州太守代有名贤,清乾嘉时,汀州伊墨卿太守为最著,风流文采,惠政及民,与欧阳永叔、苏东坡先后媲美,乡人士称道不衰,奉祀之贤祠载酒堂。”

个人作品

其传世的主要墨迹见于《默庵集锦》, 1971年台湾大众书局出版有《清伊秉绶作品集》, 1984 年 10月上海书店出版了《伊秉绶隶书墨迹选》。虽然他四体俱能,但以隶书为最。其隶书为汉碑中雄伟古朴的一类。仅在上海书店出版的《隶书墨迹选》中即收有其临写的《裴岑》、《韩仁铭》、《尹宙碑》、《孔宙碑》、《张迁碑》、《衡方碑》等。尤其得力于《衡方碑》,据伊秉绶《留春草堂诗抄》可知他临写《衡方碑》多达百遍。融先秦篆籀、汉魏砖瓦及颜体气象于一炉,而自成一家。
其传世的行书作品有《节临唐宋人书屏》十二行,共一百二十八字,上海博物馆收藏,刊于日本《中国明清书法名品图册》。《临柳公权尺牍轴》,书于嘉庆三年(1798),四行共八十六字,刊于日本《中国书道全集》。《自书诗册》,六行共四十一字,辽宁省博物馆收藏,刊于日本《中国书道全集》。《七绝诗轴》,六行共四十五字,刊于日本《明清书道图说》。《行书老子语轴》,三行共十作字,刊于日本《中国书道全集》。又《中国书法今鉴》收入了《南园先生行书杜诗册》,民国二十年(1931)震亚图书局据瓶斋主人藏墨迹影印。
伊秉绶 书赠桂未谷(馥) 花绫对联 (右图),为金陵天渡楼收藏。
其隶书对联传世者甚多,如嘉庆三年( 1798 )书写的三言联“志于道,时乃功。”嘉庆四年( 1799)书写五言联“清光宜对竹,闲雅胜闻琴。”嘉庆八年( 1803 )书写的五言联“政声韩吏部,经义董江都。”嘉庆九年( 1804)书写的五言联“从来多古意,可以赋新诗。”嘉庆十年( 1805 )书写的四言联“变化气质,陶冶性灵。”(以上见于《中国书法文化大观 ·伊秉绶的书法艺术》)。又首都博物馆收藏、刊于《中国古代书画图目》的五言联“由来意气合,直取性情真”和赠诒元九兄世讲联“崇情苻远迹,精理亦道心”,刊于日本《中国书道全集》的七言联“三千余年上下古,一十七家文字奇”等。
除对联外,其传世的隶书作品还有刊于日本《综合书道大辞典》的《晋书刘毅传句轴》,刊于日本《明清书道图说》的《魏舒传语轴》,日本京都博物馆收藏,刊于日本《中国书道全集》的《节临汉衡方碑》。

人物轶事

伊面的来源
曾任广东惠州太守的清代书家伊秉绶,他家中常聚集文人墨客吟咏唱和,厨师往往忙不过来。伊秉绶于是让厨师用面粉加鸡蛋掺水和匀后,制成面条,卷曲成团,晾干后炸至金黄,储存备用。客人来了,只要把这种面加上佐料,放到水中一煮即可招待客人。一次,诗人、书法家宋湘尝过觉得非常美味,又知道它还没有名字,便说:“如此美食,竟无芳名,未免委屈。不若取名‘’伊府面如何?”从此,伊府面流传开来,简称为“伊面”。这伊面就是现代方便面的鼻祖。
重修苏轼故居
伊秉绶从政清正廉洁,爱护百姓,除暴安良。嘉庆四年(1799年)任惠州知府,一到任就问民疾苦,革除恶习陋规,特别注意抑制豪强为非作歹,整顿社会秩序,维护地方治安。同时,他还重视教育和文化事业。除了重修丰湖书院以外,伊秉绶还重修了白鹤峰苏文忠公故居和苏轼侍妾朝云墓,被当时士林传为风雅盛事。
伊秉绶和丰湖书院
都说清朝官员腐败,还有“三年清知府,十万雪花银”的说法,可那时的地方官很多都重视教育,和后来的贪官只认钱大不一样。丰湖书院就是伊秉绶一手扶植起来的。惠州大学校内残存的丰湖书院遗迹都是伊秉绶时代的。现存的楹联“人文古邹鲁,山水小蓬瀛”,其实是宋湘为丰湖书院的二门所题。丰湖书院头门上的楹联是伊秉绶题写的“学焉得其性之所近,览者将有感于斯文”。丰湖书院修好后,伊秉绶请来当时的著名诗人宋湘主持丰湖书院。他还与宋湘一起制订了丰湖书院的规章制度。宋湘的诗集里有《丰湖草》和《丰湖后草》各一卷,都是在书院担任山长的两年时间里写的。在丰湖书院期间,宋湘钟情惠州山水,从他的诗歌里,可以看到一个非常迷人的丰湖和同样迷人的书院:敞敞亮亮的一大片水,清清静静的一座院落,清风明月,春绿秋白的芦苇,那是一幅令人神往的画卷。伊秉绶死于扬州知府任上。由于他的努力,扬州大水之年无一灾民饿死,扬州人民为此深感其恩。伊秉绶死后未及一月,便被扬州百姓供奉于“三贤祠”(“三贤”指的欧阳修苏轼王士祯三人)内,时至今日,在扬州人民的心目中,伊秉绶仍被尊称为“扬州四贤”(原“三贤”加秉绶即“四贤”)之一。
相关事件
据《清史稿》载:伊秉绶“问民疾苦,裁汰陋规,行法不避豪右,故练刑名,大吏屡以重狱委之,多所矜恤。”当时,陆丰一伙巨盗抢劫绑票,无恶不作。伊秉绶设计擒获7名强盗,将他们绳之以法,为民除害。对所有讼牒,伊秉绶必定亲自审理,受株连者当即遣释。惠州有一富豪欺辱寡母弱子。伊秉绶将这个富豪拘留审问,严词斥责富豪的不道德行为,民众为之称快。
同时,伊秉绶还致力于发展地方文化,造就人才,奖掖后学。嘉庆六年,伊秉绶重建丰湖书院。书院颇具规模,讲堂、学舍一应俱全,还配以亭、台、楼、阁、榭、祠等景观建筑;并且聘请“广东第一才子”宋湘来主持教学。传说,伊秉绶与宋湘之间有过一段不寻常的关系:嘉庆四年,宋湘入京参加会考,路过惠州时,因盘缠不够,于是向惠州府太守伊秉绶商借。伊秉绶爱好风雅,也扶持后进。他素闻宋湘的才名,便要求他写一首诗,诗中镶入东南西北。宋湘立即提笔写下:“南海有人瞻北斗,东坡此地即西湖。”伊秉绶见宋湘才思敏捷,十分赏识,赠他纹银三百两作路费。此事是否属实,无从考证,但伊秉绶与宋湘交谊甚深,却是事实。嘉庆四年,宋湘中进士,任翰林院庶吉士。《嘉应州志?宋湘传》说他“襟抱豪迈,下笔具倜傥雄奇之概,诗磊磊落落,从真性坌涌而出”。新纂《云南通志·宋湘传》也说,他“才气豪迈,工书能文,诗尤敏捷,每有所作,落笔立就,时称‘真才子’。”这样一位“广东第一才子”,如果没有很深的交情,是不可能请得动的。丰湖学院有了宋湘这样的杰出教师,又立有严谨的教学规章,很快成为惠州最高的学府。伊秉绶喜爱文化,也十分尊重文化。一次,他到端溪随砚工一起下到40多丈深的坑洞,点着篝火采砚石。当他采得一块佳石时,怕伤了佳石的神韵,竟不忍下刀雕镌,只是在石的右侧边刻下“留与子孙耕,汀州伊秉绶题”十一个字。为此,大学士纪晓岚特专门题写了一篇砚铭。

书法成就

伊秉绶的书法成就早有定论,且流传甚广,民国至今,常有出版社推出他的书帖。爱好者不妨来汀州宁化走一走,也许在不经意间,就能那在寻常人家、阡陌乡野发现伊秉绶的真迹。要知道,这里是他的故乡。
从其诸联中可以看到,古今评者所谓其善写隶书大字“愈大愈壮,气势恢宏”的特点比较明显,评其诸隶书作品多有“方严、奇肆、宽博、恣纵”的特点。
伊秉绶生前善书,兼喜绘画、篆刻,亦工诗文。伊氏的隶书具有鲜明的个性,笔画平直,分布均匀,四边充实,方严整饬,有强烈的装饰美术之意趣,没有晚期汉隶的“蚕头燕尾”的习气。此隶书联,严格的中锋行笔,藏头护尾,法度森然,其笔画粗细大致均等。圆润率直,分明是地道的篆、籀笔意。结体左右平均匀称。他的隶书,善用浓墨,墨色柔润,乌亮如漆,笔划光洁精到,此五言联,其笔力雄健,中画沉厚挺拔,融合了《郙阁颂》、《张迁碑》、《衡方碑》等汉隶名碑的优点,形成了自己严而不刻板,凝重而有韵致,夸张而合情理的隶书风格。
伊秉绶生前曾临写唐虞世南欧阳询褚遂良柳公权等人的小楷,颜真卿的大楷,及《兰亭序》等,打下了其行楷基础。在嘉庆三年所书的行书作品“绝无人到处”已始见其独特风貌。到嘉庆十年所书的行楷对联“立脚怕随流水转,居心学到古人难”已形成他“古拙逸宕,姿态横生”的书风。评者谓其行楷亦能“兼收博取,自抒新意”、“行笔以隶法为之”、“篆籀金石气溢于字里行间”、“遒劲妍美,收纵自如,极具个性”、“多得鲁公遗韵,骨力内含”。
文学成就
综述
伊秉绶著有《留春草堂诗》《攻其集》等。书法行、楷、隶皆工,尤以隶书独具特色,雄冠清代。一生赠友联句甚多,多以隶书写之。
对联:祥风和气贤人颂,晴雪梅花宰相诗。
对联:崇情苻远硛,淳意发高文。
诗选
1、同桂未谷(馥)进士张船山检讨(问陶)夜访陈笠帆曹长(预)小酌
2、七夕雨中同洪稚存编修赵味辛舍人(怀玉)张船山检讨宿吴谷人侍读(锡麒)澄怀园直庐三首
3、查小山郎中(有圻)招同张亥白孝廉(问安)船山检讨兄弟游金氏废园四首
4、叹逝四首·张莱州船山

人物评价

名家评论
《清史列传》谓:“秉绶工八分隶。”
《国朝先正事略》谓其“隶书愈大愈见其佳,有高古博大气象。”与邓石如并称“南伊北邓”,又与桂馥齐名。以其“隶书超绝古格,在清季书坛放一异彩”而被后人瞩目,评价甚高。
清《昭代尺牍小传》谓“墨卿书似李西涯,尤精古隶,独不喜赵文敏,盖不以其书也。”
焦循《雕菰楼集》谓“公之起居言笑,蔼然君子儒也。时濡墨作隶书,如汉魏人旧迹。”
赵光《退庵随笔》谓:“伊墨卿、桂未谷出,始遥接汉隶真传。墨卿能
脱汉隶而大之,愈大愈壮。”
蒋宝龄《墨林今话》谓:“(伊秉绶)尤以篆隶名当代,秀劲古媚,独创一家,楷书亦入颜平原之室。”
何绍基《东洲草堂诗抄》赞伊秉绶:“丈人八分出二篆,使墨如漆楮如简。行草亦无唐后法,悬崖溜雨弛荒藓。不将俗书薄文清,觑破天真关道眼。”
包世臣《艺舟双楫》谓:“余初识宁化伊墨卿太守秉绶于袁浦。墨卿,刘诸城之弟子也。因曾问诸城法,太守曰:‘吾师授法曰:指不死则画不活。其法置管于大指、食指之尖,略以爪佐管外,使大指与食指作圆圈,即古龙精之法也。其以大指斜对食指者,则形成凤眼,其法不能死指,非真传也。”
王椒畦诗曰:
“墨卿作书亦如画,笔墨之外能通神。”
杨守敬《学书迩言》谓:“墨卿八分书根柢汉人,行书学李西涯,尤为超妙。”
向燊说:“墨卿楷书法《程哲碑》,行书法李西涯,隶书则直入汉人之室。即邓完白亦逊其醇古,他更无论矣。”
李宣龚云:“汀州书法出入秦汉,微时所作篆隶有独到之处。即其行楷,虽发源于山阴、平原,而兼收博取,自抒新意,金石之气,亦复盎然纸上。”
康有为《广艺舟双楫》谓:“汀州精于八分,以其八分为真书,师仿《吊比干文》,瘦劲独绝。”近人马宗霍《霋岳楼笔谈》谓:“世皆称伊汀州之隶,以其古拙也。然拙诚有之,古则未能。独其以隶笔作行书,遂入鲁公之室。”
沙孟海说:“伊秉绶是隶书正宗,康有为说他集分书之大成,很对。其实,他的作品无体不佳,落笔就和别人分出仙凡的境界。”
评者又誉其书法:“中锋行笔,藏头护尾,法度森然”、“笔画粗细大致均匀,圆润率直,古趣盎然”、“笔力雄健,秀挺清劲”、“精壮古拙,横平竖直”、“仪态敦厚,骨气洞达
”、“格调高雅,饶有神韵”、“古茂浑朴,空灵逸宕”、“富有金石气、庙堂气”等等。
评者谓其行书“笔笔中锋,不露圭角,蕴含凝重,行笔无不如意。”是与他平日苦苦练笔分不开的。据谢章铤《睹棋山庄词话》载:“墨卿每朝起学笔画数十百圈,自小累大,至匀圆为度。盖谓能是,则作书腕自健。”评其《节临唐宋人书屏》四条中第一屏(行楷)“工稳齐整、端庄大方”,“凝敛宽博”,“沉稳中见洒脱,断而不离、和而不流”,“异中求同,同中求异”。评其四条屏中的第二屏(行草书)是典型的碑帖结合的代表作,“既能恣意纵横,外柔内刚,又显得潇洒飘逸,随意自然,体现了他为人正直与较豁达的性格。”评其《临柳公权尺牍轴》:“既有雄厚刚健的笔调,又有灵动朴茂之趣。”评者又认为:“从整体看来,其行书神貌颜体居多,又有杨凝式、林和靖、董香光的遗风,不愧为清中期书坛的大家。

English is introduced

Yi Bing Shou (1754-1815), the word ancestors like, No. Mo Qing, late Ming Mo Temple, the Qing Dynasty calligrapher, Fujian Tingzhou House Ninghua County, the enemy also known as the "Ting Ting". Qianlong forty-four years, fifty-four years of Qianlong Jinshi, served as chief of the Board of Punishments, after the members of foreign Lang. Jiaqing four years as Huizhou prefect, because with its immediate superior, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi auspicious dispute, was exile military station, and then promoted to Yangzhou prefect, 1802 (Jiaqing seven years), Iraq Bing ribbon 54 years old, father died , Quguan Feng coffin home, Yangzhou tens of thousands of people crying farewell. 62-year-old died, Yangzhou people admire his deceased, in the local "three Yin Temple" (worship Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Wang Shizhen three of the Temple) and worship Yi Bing Shou, renamed "four Yin Temple. During his tenure, "lian officials good governance" known. Yi Bing ribbon hi painting, printing, also has poetry handed down. Work book, especially fine Zhuan Li, fine show Mei. Its ultra-Guge book, so that the calligraphy of the Qing Dynasty, put a splendor. Lishu particularly indulgent and elegant, since ancient times into a broad atmosphere, and Deng Shiru and said everyone.

Biography

1754 (nineteen years of the Qing Emperor Qianlong) lunar January 11, Iraq Bingbing was born in Ninghua Chengguan a scholarly brother, the official family. His father Iraq Chaodong, Qianlong thirty-four years Jinshi, calendar officer of the Ministry of Justice, censor, Guanglu Temple Qing. Known as the Yi Bing Shou, "Zhu Cheng Li Cheng, from the division of Yin Cheng Fang, emphasizing the practice of self-centered." After the University of Zhu Gui's appreciation and Ji Xiaolan's attention, thanks to discipline as a teacher, and worship At that time the most prestigious calligrapher Liu Yong for the teacher calligraphy. Author of "stay spring cottage set." Handed down very rich. "Lishu five words", the book in Jiaqing twenty years (1815), the ink on paper. Official script. Where the upper and lower body 10 words, paragraph 16 words, a total of 26 words. Vertical 178 cm, horizontal 33.3 cm. Capital Museum.
Yi Bing Shou 15 years old (Qianlong thirty-four years), his father Iraq Chaozhao test Jinshi, the calendar of the Ministry of Punishments Lang, Guanglu Temple Qing, study of Cheng Zhu school, author of "South Window Series" Zhai set "and other books handed down. Yi Bing ribbon from a small eager to learn, uphold the origin of family learning, full study of Song Confucianism. 16-year-old into the Ninghua County, 26-year-old Zhongxiang test. And later by the industry in the name of Confucianism Yin Chengfang, attack Song Confucianism, and study with great concentration Li Rongcun, Cai Liangshan and Lei Cuiting and other famous Confucian theory. 30-year-old that year (Qianlong forty-nine years) went to Beijing to take exams, held in CJ, they stay in Beijing, for the Bachelor Zhu Gui, Ji Xiaolan appreciated and valued, often access Prince Edward Zhu Gui's brother, once lived in Ji Xiaolan Home, to his grandson class; also worship the most prestigious calligrapher Liu Yong as a teacher calligraphy.
In 1789 (fifty-four years of Qianlong) will try, Iraq Bing ribbon to participate in the examination, Scholars and the first, granting the Ministry of punishment additional principal, complement Zhejiang Yuanwai Lang, began prosperous career. Yi Bing Shou political, clean and honest.
Fifty-seven years of Qianlong, promoted to the Board of Punishments principal, in 1798 (Jiaqing three years) Sentence of the Ministry of Foreign Ministry Lang was appointed deputy examiner Hunan examiner.
Jiaqing four years was promoted to the Ministry of punishment. Soon after, Yi Bing Shou as the prefect of Huizhou in Guangdong. In Huizhou during Hennessy, diligent and love the people, and is committed to local cultural construction, after the school, founder of the Academy, the reuse of talent, its support Lingnan wit Song Xiang story, it became a story. When he was rebuilding the former residence of Su Dongpo, accidentally from the ink pool found Su's cherished "Germany has a neighbor" Duan Yan. Later, Iraq Bing ribbon
This Yan back to Tingzhou Ninghua home, and the den named "thanks to Yan Zhai." Some people say that this piece of Su Dongpo used to Yibing Shouduan brought endless Reiki, he used this Duan Yan Mo ink writing the words particularly beautiful. This Yan collection in Ninghua County Museum, for the national secondary cultural relics.
1805 (Jiaqing ten years) around, Yangzhou successive years of floods, two governor of iron Paul recommended Yi Bing Shou, to Nanhe, Gaoyou, Baoying investigation disaster. Soon, Yi Bing Shou was ordered to serve as prefect of Yangzhou. He set up porridge plant, resettlement of the victims, while the mobilization of wealthy business-to-disaster relief, and soon stabilized the situation in the disaster area. In the disaster area, the disaster area of ​​the disaster-stricken areas, , But also to take some flexible measures to enable the victims to rebuild their homes as soon as possible to resume production. And personally check the books, issued relief money and grain, is strictly prohibited Xu service grams, won the victims praise. More than 30,000 people fleeing to the city under the river floods, Yibing Shou advised the wealthy giant room to donate more than sixty thousand gold, set up factories in the temple, according to the population of the victims Fu Mian money, and in each village set up porridge, Of the victims. Some victims want to kill cattle for food. Yi Bing Shou according to the valuation of cattle to the credit quality, to recruit hand-shepherd, allowing the victims next spring to redeem, to ensure the spring plowing production. In order to social stability, Iraq Bingbing sent troops to exterminate the Beihu giant catastrophe iron generation, to crack down on "deceitful" deception of Nie Road, so that those rogue rogue local ruffians are severely punished. Therefore, the "history of Qing Dynasty," said: the disaster in Yangzhou, "the people, although hungry, security blocking no confusion." The second year, Yangzhou favorable weather, all waste are Hing,
Jiaqing eleven years, in order to promote the development of Yangzhou local culture, special recruitment Jiao Xun, Ruan Yuan and other famous scholars "Yangzhou map" and "Yangzhou Wencui".
In 1807 (Jiaqing twelve years), Iraqi ribbon transfer Hekou Road, and soon transferred two Huai salt transportation history. Just served two months, his father died, they returned to Tingzhou Ningben funeral. In the home cooking his father's funeral, Yi Bing Shou Ding worry about three years, may feel the career fatigue, and spent five years in Ninghua. Period, he left a lot of handwriting folks, but also do a lot of good things. One year, Ninghua wall collapsed, he was a daughter of maintenance. Another year, his hometown suffered famine, he not only donate food relief, but also use their own identity to persuade businesses to sell rice. And donated grain of 200 stone, relief victims; he also advocated Guangji, Longmen Bridge, raise money silver million. Return home during his hometown, Jiaqing sixteen years in autumn, he revisited Huizhou. Huizhou people heard that Iraqi ribbon to meet to meet. Yibing Shou visited Lake College, to see the College with a dedicated for their worship Temple, it will be removed.
In 1815 (Jiaqing twenty years) in the summer, after repeated urging friends, Yi Bing ribbon left Ninghua, leaving Beijing, via Yangzhou, old friends stay him, live to September. Yangzhou in September the weather is getting cooler. He accidentally infected with Qiu Han, sudden pneumonia, a disease can not afford, on September 11 died in Yangzhou. After the burying Ninghua Cao Fang Shi Niuyi (now Cao village).
Yangzhou people learned that after the death of the former prefect, he enshrined in the three Yin Temple, and the history of Yangzhou three prefect Ouyang Xiu, Su Dongpo, Wang Shizhen and worship. A few decades ago, Tingzhou Ninghua Huang Shen in this land to poetry and calligraphy to win the reputation, a few decades later, another Tingzhou Ninghua Yi Bing Shou with his diligence and benevolent, here was praised.
Yi Bing Shou governance Although Yangzhou Dehui political sound, for the Qing Dynasty Mingli, but he never worked. He moved his own residence from the "rich garden" to the "Huangshi Garden", an old town inhabited by civilians named "The Cottage on the Lake". He is also clean and honest in life Geng Jie, put an end to sensuality, "every food must be a vegetable", "to clear my heart ear." Often said: "Life is also, directly to the world of nature, no less evil, the line is positive." Yi Bing Shou for the official clean, diligent love the people, won the Yangzhou people love. "Wuzhou nostalgia recorded" praised him, said: "Yangzhou Prefecture on behalf of the famous Yin, Qing Qianjia, Tingzhou Yi Moqing Prefecture for the most, romantic literary grace, Huizheng and the people, and Ouyang Yongshu, Su Dongpo has comparable, township People praise is not bad, enshrines the Yin Temple containing wine hall.

personal works

The main ink handed down in the "Miao Temple Collection", 1971 Taiwan Public Publishing House published "clear Iraqi ribbon ribbon works", in 1984 October Shanghai bookstore published the "Yi Bing Shou Li script ink election." Although he can all four bodies, but the official script for the most. The official script for the magnificent ancient monument in a class. Only in the Shanghai Bookstore published the "official script ink election" that is received by its provisional written "Pei Cen", "Han Ren Ming", "Yin Choubei", "Kong Chuang tablet", "Zhang Qian" "Wait. In particular, thanks to the "value square monument", according to Yi Bing Shou "stay spring cottage poetry copy" shows that he was writing "monument square" up to a hundred times. Rongqian Qin Zhuanzhou, Han Wei brick and Yan weather in a furnace, and self-contained.
Its handed down the book works "section of the Tang and Song book screen" twelve lines, a total of one hundred and twenty-eight words, the Shanghai Museum collection, published in Japan, "China Ming and Qing calligraphy album." "Lin Liu Gongzhizhichu axis", the book in Jiaqing three years (1798), four lines of eighty-six words, published in Japan, "Chinese Book Collection". "Book from the book of poetry," a total of forty-one six words, Liaoning Provincial Museum collection, published in Japan, "China's Complete Works of the book." "Seven poems axis", a total of forty-five words in six lines, published in Japan, "the Ming and Qing Dynasties said." "Running Laozi language axis", the three lines of ten for the word, published in Japan, "Chinese book collection". And "Chinese Calligraphy Kam Kam" income "South Park, Mr. Du book", in twenty years (1931) Shakespeare Bookstore, according to the owner of possession of Mexican ink marks.
Ipin ribbon book gift Guiwei Gu (Fu) flower Ling couplet (right), Jinling Tiandou floor collection.
(1798) to write the five-character joint "clear light should be on the bamboo, leisure Ya Sheng-wen," the three-year period, "Jiaqing eight years (1803) written by the five-character" political voice of Han Li Bu, by the righteous Dong Jiangdu. "Jiaqing nine years (1804) to write the five-word" never more ancient, can give poetry. (1805) written by the four words "change temperament, cultivate spirituality." (The above is seen in the "Chinese calligraphy culture, Yi Bing Shou's calligraphy art"). And the Capital Museum collection, published in the "Ancient Chinese Paintings and Calligraphers," the five-character "origin from the mood, straight to take the real situation," and donated Yi Yuan nine brothers speak of "Chong Fu Fuyuan track, , Published in Japan, "Complete Works of Chinese calligraphy," the seven words of "more than three thousand years from top to bottom, one of the seven odd text" and so on.
In addition to the couplet, its handed down the official script works are also published in Japan, "Comprehensive Dictionary Da Da Dian" and "Jin Shu Liu Yi Chuan sentence", published in Japan, "Ming and Qing Dynasties," said, "Wei Shu language axis", Kyoto, Japan Museum collection, published in Japan, "Chinese Book Road, Complete Works" of the "section of the provisional monument of Han Heng."

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美术百科参考资料
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