科内利斯.范.哈勒姆Cornelis van Haarlem

科内利斯.范.哈勒姆Cornelis van Haarlem（1562年—1638年11月11日），荷兰画家。

中文名科内利斯.范.哈勒姆
外文名Cornelis van Haarlem
性别男
国籍荷兰
出生地荷兰
出生日期1562年
逝世日期1638年11月11日
职业画家

传记

出生在哈勒姆,Cornelis Corneliszoon的学生Pieter Pietersz在哈勒姆,后来Gillis Coignet在安特卫普.他在艺术史学家的一员哈勒姆矫揉造作者,他们是高度受到工作的影响Bartholomeus跳的图纸被带到哈勒姆卡尔·范·曼德在1585年,有一个强大的直接影响。主要他画肖像以及神话和圣经科目。最初Cornelis Cornelisz画大型,高度程式化与意大利风格的裸体与怪诞,扭曲的姿势不自然的解剖学。后,他的风格改变了一个基于荷兰语的现实主义传统。

当他的父母逃哈勒姆1568年,西班牙军队围攻的城市中八十年战争,Cornelis Cornelisz仍然落后,被画家了老Pietersz,他的第一个老师。之后,在1580 - 1581年Corneliszoon研究鲁昂,法国,安特卫普哈勒姆(Coignet),返回之前,住在那里,他的余生。他成为一位受人尊敬的成员社区和1583年,他收到了他的第一次正式委员会从哈勒姆,民兵公司肖像,哈勒姆公民卫队的宴会。他后来成为城市的画家哈勒姆和接收大量官方佣金。作为一个肖像画家,团体和个人,他对弗朗斯·哈尔斯是一个重要的影响。他娶了Maritgen Arentsdr Deyman,市长的女儿哈勒姆,1603年之前的某个时候。1605年,他继承了他富有的岳父的财产的三分之一。

作品

圣乔治宴会的人员公司(1599)

卡尔·范·曼德一起亨德里克Goltzius和其他的艺术家,他开始非正式绘画学校在艺术史界被称为哈勒姆学院或“哈勒矫揉造作者”。可能这是一个非常非正式的组织,可能会画裸体模特,当然艺术交换意见。Corneliszoon也起到一定的作用在失败的新宪章哈勒姆圣卢克的公会1630年,试图提高艺术家的地位。他的注册学生所罗门·德·布雷,Cornelis Jacobsz Delff,Cornelis Engelsz,Gerrit Pietersz Sweelink.他的学生之一是Cornelis Claesz Heda(兄弟威廉Claeszoon Heda),他似乎已经出口Cornelisz的特定品牌的特殊习惯到印度,活跃在苏丹的法院Bijapur.

他正在展出的画作弗朗斯·哈尔斯博物馆在哈勒姆,博物馆在阿姆斯特丹,罗浮宫在巴黎,国家美术馆在伦敦,赫米蒂奇在圣彼得堡和其他博物馆。

English Introduction

Biography

Born in Haarlem, Cornelis Corneliszoon was a pupil of Pieter Pietersz in Haarlem, and laterGillis Coignet in Antwerp.^[1] He is known among art historians as a member of theHaarlem Mannerists, who were highly influenced by the work of Bartholomeus Spranger, whose drawings were brought to Haarlem by Carel van Mander in 1585, and had a strong immediate effect.^[2] He painted mainly portraits as well asmythological and Biblical subjects. Initially Cornelis Cornelisz painted large-size, highly stylized works with Italianate nudes in twisted poses with a grotesque, unnatural anatomy. Later, his style changed to one based on theNetherlandish realist tradition.

When his parents fled Haarlem in 1568, as the Spanish army laid siege to the city during the Eighty Years' War, Cornelis Cornelisz remained behind and was raised by the painter Pieter Pietersz the Elder, his first teacher. Later, in 1580-1581 Corneliszoon studied in Rouen, France, and Antwerp (with Coignet), before returning to Haarlem, where he stayed the rest of his life. He became a respected member of the community and in 1583 he received his first official commission from the city of Haarlem, a militia company portrait, the Banquet of the Haarlem Civic Guard. He later became city painter of Haarlem and received numerous official commissions. As a portrait painter, both of groups and individuals, he was an important influence on Frans Hals. He married Maritgen Arentsdr Deyman, the daughter of a mayor of Haarlem, sometime before 1603. In 1605, he inherited a third of his wealthy father-in-law's estate.

Works

Together with Carel van Mander, Hendrick Goltzius and other artists, he started an informal drawing school that has become known in art history circles as the Haarlem Academy or "Haarlem Mannerists". Probably this was a very informal grouping, perhaps meeting to draw nude models, and certainly to exchange artistic views.^[2] Corneliszoon also played a role in the failed attempt to make a new charter for the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1630, which tried to raise the status of the artists. His registered pupils were Salomon de Bray, Cornelis Jacobsz Delff, Cornelis Engelsz, and Gerrit Pietersz Sweelink.^[1] Among his students was Cornelis Claesz Heda (brother of Willem Claeszoon Heda), who seems to have exported Cornelisz' particular brand of mannerism to India, where he was active at the court of the sultan of Bijapur.^[3]

Paintings by him are on display at the Frans Hals Museum in Haarlem, the Rijksmuseumin Amsterdam, the Louvre in Paris, the National Gallery in London, the Hermitage in St. Petersburg and other museums.