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周伯琦篆书宫学国史二箴-元朝-篆书

《宫学国史二箴》,元,周伯琦书。纸本,手卷,纵26厘米,横284.5厘米。篆书,45行,共174字。

  释文:

  宫学箴。惟民生厚,迷复曷反。爰作之师,由近及远。夔兴虞庠,旦扬周典。有美国胄,执经宫馆。养正匪蒙,勿亟勿缓。庸之煣之,圣功斯显。经国子民,所赉岂浅。惟严惟尊,不在躬践。毁范裂模,皋毗有腼。敬谂从者,圅丈有勔。国史箴。乾象昭列,人文肇兴。结绳既邈,方册是徵。姚妃典谟,三代诰命。褒善斯勖,『0516』恶有惩。获麟聿削,是式是承。合辞比类,历世相仍。晋狐称良,奸憝齿冰。暴私蔑实,起薉售憎。史尚传信,匪信匪能。执简以告,下严或圣。蕃阳周伯琦述并书。

  本幅钤“周氏伯琦”、“玉雪坡真逸”、“致用斋”印记三方。鉴藏印有:“越琪私印”、“长白李慎勤伯氏鉴赏章”、“叶恭绰誉虎印”等多方。引首有李慎篆书“伯温墨妙”。本幅后有张雨、方鼎录题跋观款。

  “宫学”指为皇族子弟设立的学校,“国史”指一国之史或一朝之史。“箴”乃一种文体,用以规劝他人或戒律自己。由《元史》本传得知,伯琦于元至正元年(1341年)“为宣文阁授经郎,教戚里大臣子弟。每进讲,辄称旨。”上述二箴或是当时进讲用的教材。

  周伯琦之篆书在当时有“本朝之冠”的美誉。陶宗仪在《书史会要》一书中称“伯琦篆师徐铉张有,行笔结构殊有隶体。”明代杨士奇认为“其作字结构,盖出泰山李斯旧碑。”伯琦虽师法前人,但不拘于古法,在结体和笔法上参以石鼓文,笔兼方圆,使转变化亦多,整体风格于规整圆熟中见生拙萧散之致,有别于稳妥匀称一类的平庸之作。此卷结字严谨端庄,笔势沉稳丰润,为周氏篆书的上佳之作。 

 

 

--------Introduction in English--------

 

The Second Proverbs of Gong Xue's National History, Yuan Dynasty, Zhou Boqi's Book. Paper, hand roll, 26 cm in length and 284.5 cm in breadth. Seal book, 45 lines, 174 words.

Annotations:

Gongxue Proverbs. Only the people's livelihood is generous and they are confused. Teachers are from near to far. Kui Xingyu, Danyang Zhou Dian. There's an American armour, the palace of menstruation. Don't rush to bring up the righteous and the bandits. Saint Gong Shin is mediocre. How shallow are the gains made by the people of the country? Only dignity, not practice. Destroy models and be shy. Those who obey with respect have a good command. National History Proverbs. Qianxiang Zhaolie, the humanities Zhaoxing. Knotting a rope is not only a matter of time, but also a matter of time. Yao Fei Dunmu, three generations of edification. Praise the good and punish the evil of 0516. I peeled by Lin Yipei, is a form of inheritance. Analogy of words and expressions remains the same throughout the ages. Jinhu is a good fox, but a bad fox. Selfishness and disdain, selling hatred. Historically, people believe in bandits and bandits. Be strict or holy. Zhou Boqi of Tuoyang wrote the same book.

The impressions of "Zhou's Boqi", "Yuxuepo Zhenyi" and "Zhiyizhai" in this picture are from three sides. The collection is stamped with "Yueqi Private Seal", "Changbai Li Shenqin Bo's Appreciation Seal", "Ye Gongyu Tiger Seal" and so on. Li Shenzhuan's seal book "Bowen Momiao" is the first one. There are Zhang Yu and Fang Dinglu inscriptions and postscripts behind this picture.

"Palace learning" refers to the school set up for the children of the Royal family, and "national history" refers to the history of a country or a dynasty. "Proverbs" are a style of writing used to persuade others or discipline themselves. According to the biography of the History of the Yuan Dynasty, Boqi taught Confucian classics for the Xuanwenge Pavilion from the Yuan Dynasty to the first year of the year (1341), and was the son of minister Li. Every time you speak, you will be satisfied with your purpose." The two precepts mentioned above or the textbooks used in the lecture at that time.

Zhou Boqi's seal book had the reputation of "the crown of the present dynasty" at that time. Tao Zongyi said in the book Shu Shi Hui Yao that "Boqi Seal Master Xu Xu Xun and Zhang You have a special style of writing." Yang Shiqi of the Ming Dynasty believed that "the structure of his characters built the old tablet of Lisi in Mount Tai." Although Boqi learned from his predecessors, he did not stick to the ancient method. He used the stone drum prose in his composition and writing style. His pen was both square and round, which made many changes. His overall style was different from that of a stable and symmetrical mediocre work. This volume is the best seal book of Zhou Shi because of its rigorous and dignified writing and steady and plump writing style.

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